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Red Dye 40 is one of the most widely used artificial food colorings, found in everything from candy and soft drinks to cereals and packaged snacks. But growing concerns about its potential health effects have raised questions about how safe it really is. Research suggests that synthetic food dyes, including Red 40, may contribute to hyperactivity and behavioral changes in some children, while evidence linking the dye to cancer or other serious long-term health problems in humans remains inconclusive. Understanding what the science actually shows can help consumers make informed decisions about the foods they eat.
Source
McCann, Donna et al. “Food additives and hyperactive behaviour in 3-year-old and 8/9-year-old children in the community: a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.” Lancet (London, England) vol. 370,9598 (2007): 1560-7. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61306-3
Additional Reading
https://allhealthy.com/is-red-40-bad-for-you/